![]() ![]() ![]() In southern Germany and the Balkans, Aericura was considered a consort of Dis Pater. This is an example of interpretatio romana: what Caesar meant was that the Gauls all claimed descent from a Gaulish god that he equated with the Roman Dis Pater.Ī scholium on the Pharsalia equates Dis Pater with Taranis, the Gaulish god of thunder. Julius Caesar, in his Commentaries on the Gallic Wars ( VI:18), states that the Gauls all claimed descent from Dis Pater. In literature, Dis Pater's name was commonly used as a symbolic and poetic way of referring to death itself.ĭis Pater was sometimes identified with the Sabine god Soranus. He ruled the underworld and the dead beside his wife, Proserpina (Greek Persephone). ![]() In being conflated with Pluto, Dis Pater took on some of the latter's mythological attributes, being one of the three sons of Saturn (Greek Cronus) and Ops (Greek Rhea), along with Jupiter (Greek Zeus) and Neptune (Greek Poseidon). Ĭicero gave a similar etymology in De Natura Deorum, suggesting the meaning 'father of riches', and comparing the deity to the Greek name Pluto ( Plouton, Πλούτων), meaning "the rich one", a title bestowed upon the Greek god Hades.ĭis Pater eventually became associated with death and the underworld because mineral wealth such as gems and precious metals came from underground, wherein lies the realm of the dead, i.e. The occurrence of the deity Dis together with Pater ('father') may be due to association with Di(e)spiter ( Jupiter). The name Dis is a contraction of the Latin adjective dives ('wealthy, rich'), probably derived from divus, dius ('godlike, divine') via the form *deiu-(o)t- or *deiu-(e)t- ('who is like the gods, protected by/from the gods'). Dis was originally associated with fertile agricultural land and mineral wealth, and since those minerals came from underground, he was later equated with the chthonic deities Pluto ( Hades) and Orcus.ĭis Pater's name was commonly shortened to Dis, and this name has since become an alternative name for the underworld or a part of the underworld, such as the City of Dis of Dante's The Divine Comedy, which comprises Lower Hell. The Furies, three sisters that punished the souls of Tartarus with whips and snakes, tortured those in Tartarus.Votive pillar reading Diti Patri et Proserpin sacrum, "Holy to Dis Pater and Proserpina"ġ8th century painting showing Mercury (center), Flora (right), and Dis Pater (left), from Convito per le nozze di Amore e Psiche (The Wedding Feast of Cupid and Psyche), Galleria Nazionale di Palazzo Spinola, Genoaĭis Pater ( / ˌ d ɪ s ˈ p eɪ t ər/ Latin: genitive Ditis Patris), otherwise known as Rex Infernus or Pluto, is a Roman god of the underworld. This was where the worst sinners were sent and it was deep beneath the Underworld. Every day here was exactly the same for all of eternity. ![]() It was neither a good nor a bad place to be. This is where the souls of the ordinary were sent. It featured green grass, music, and games. It was a happy island for good people and heroes. The first option was Elysian Fields, which was the closest thing the ancient Greeks had to a “heaven”. They decided where the final destination for the soul would be of three places. These judges were Minos, Aeacus, and Rhadamanthus. Next came the Dividing Road where three judges stood. Cerberus would eat anyone who tried to leave. No one was allowed to leave the Underworld for all of eternity. Once across the river they met a three headed dragon tailed dog-named Cerberus who guarded the gates. Eventually, they were allowed in through the entrance for poor people and had to row the boat. If someone didn’t have any coins, they were left to wander the shoreline for 100 years. People needed to pay him in gold coins to cross, which is why the Greeks buried the dead with gold coins under their tongue. The ferry to cross was operated by Charon. First, they need to cross the River Styx. However, the journey is much more complex than that. When a person died, Hermes led their soul to the Underworld. The souls of people who had died were sent here. He ruled the Underworld, also known as the Kingdom of the Dead, which was down below the surface of the Earth and had no sunlight. Zeus became the God of the Skies, Poseidon became the God of the Sea, and Hades became the God of the Underworld and was known as the King of the Dead. Written by Greek Boston in Greek Mythology Comments Off on All About Hades and the UnderworldĪfter Zeus and his brothers, Poseidon and Hades, defeated the Titans they divided up the world. ![]()
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